USC School Of Pharmacy - Usc School Of Pharmacy

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy

USC School of Pharmacy is the pharmacy school of the University of Southern California, originally established in 1905 as USC College of Pharmacy. In 1918, it created the four-year bachelor of science in pharmacy degree program. In 1950, it established the nation's first Doctor of Pharmacy (PharmD) program. The School offers numerous dual- and joint-degree programs in such fields as law, business, public health, regulatory science, healthcare decision analysis, and gerontology. The School launched the nation’s first PharmD/MBA dual degree in 1990, the first PhD in pharmaceutical economics and policy in 1994, the first professional doctorate in regulatory science in 2008, and a translational science graduate progr am that merges science with clinical expertise. The School is led by Dean Vassilios Papadopoulos.

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy
Departments

The USC School of Pharmacy is organized into three academic departments:

  • Titus Family Department of Clinical Pharmacy
  • Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences
  • Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Economics, based at the Leonard D. Schaeffer Center for Health Policy & Economics

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy
Patient care settings

Patient care settings include Keck Hospital of USC, Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center, LAC+USC Medical Center County Hospital, Huntington Hospital, Edward R. Roybal Comprehensive Health Center, and safety-net clinics including JWCH Institute, QueensCare, AltaMed Health Services.

The university owns and operates four pharmacies: USC Pharmacy (University Park Campus), Health Center Pharmacy (University Park Campus), USC Medical Plaza Pharmacy (Health Sciences Campus) and USC Verdugo Hills Professional Pharmacy (adjacent to USC Verdugo Hills Hospital).

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy
Rankings

In 2016, USC School of Pharmacy was ranked among the top 10 pharmacy schools in the nation by U.S. News & World Report. USC School of Pharmacy was among the top five U.S. schools with the strongest passing rates on the 2015 North American Pharmacist Licensure Examination (NAPLEX). The USC School of Pharmacy class of 2016 had the highest passage rate in California (97.4%) on the North American Pharmacy Licensing Exam (NAPLEX).

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy
References

USC School of Pharmacy  - usc school of pharmacy
External links

  • USC School of Pharmacy website.

Learn more »

List Of Arkansas State Agencies - Arkansas State Board Of Pharmacy

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy
Executive offices

  • Arkansas Attorney General
  • Arkansas Commissioner of State Lands
  • Arkansas State Auditor
  • Arkansas State Treasurer
  • Office of the Governor
  • Office of Lieutenant Governor
  • Secretary of State of Arkansas

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy
Legislative

  • Arkansas Legislature
  • Arkansas House of Representatives
  • Arkansas Senate

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy
Judicial

  • Arkansas Judiciary
  • Arkansas Supreme Court
  • Arkansas Court of Appeals
  • Arkansas Administrative Office of the Courts

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy
Boards and commissions

Some boards and commissions in Arkansas direct state agencies under their jurisdiction, while many serve advisory, promotion, or administrative roles. In the list below, state departments and agencies are listed subsidiary to their governing Commission, if any.

State agencies

  • Alcoholic Beverage Control Board - Administration
  • Arkansas Agriculture Department
    • Arkansas Forestry Commission
    • Arkansas Livestock and Poultry Commission
    • Arkansas State Plant Board
    • Aquaculture Division
    • State Land Surveyor
  • Arkansas State Highway Commission
    • Arkansas State Highway and Transportation Department
  • Arkansas Board of Apportionment
  • Arkansas Board of Workforce Education and Career Opportunities
  • Arkansas Building Authority
  • Arkansas Corrections School System
  • Arkansas Department of Aeronautics
  • Arkansas Department of Career Education
  • Arkansas Department of Community Correction
  • Arkansas Department of Correction
  • Arkansas Department of Education
  • Arkansas Department of Emergency Management
  • Arkansas Department of Finance and Administration
  • Arkansas Department of Health
  • Arkansas Department of Higher Education
  • Arkansas Department of Human Services
  • Arkansas Department of Information Systems
  • Arkansas Department of Labor
  • Arkansas Department of Parks and Tourism
  • Arkansas Department of Rural Services
  • Arkansas Department of Veteran Affairs
  • Arkansas Department of Workforce Services
  • Arkansas Division of Legislative Audit
  • Arkansas Economic Development Commission
  • Arkansas Educational Television Network
  • Arkansas Game and Fish Commission
  • Arkansas Pollution Control and Ecology Commission
    • Arkansas Department of Environmental Quality

Advisory boards and commissions

  • Arkansas Advisory Council for the Education of Gifted and Talented Children
  • Arkansas Alternative Energy Commission
  • Arkansas Arts Council
  • Arkansas Aviation and Aerospace Commission
  • Arkansas Beef Council
  • Arkansas Board of Correction and Community Punishment
  • Arkansas Boll Weevil Eradication Committee
  • Arkansas Burial Association Board
  • Arkansas Capitol Arts and Grounds Commission
  • Arkansas Capitol Zoning District Commission
  • Arkansas Catfish Promotion Board
  • Arkansas Child Abuse and Neglect Prevention Board
  • Arkansas Child Abuse, Rape, Domestic Violence Commission
  • Arkansas Code Revision Commission
  • Arkansas Corn and Grain Sorghum Board
  • Arkansas Crime Information Center
  • Arkansas Crime Victims Reparations Board
  • Arkansas Early Childhood Commission
  • Arkansas Entertainers Hall of Fame Board
  • Arkansas Film Commission
  • Arkansas Judicial Discipline and Disability Commission
  • Arkansas Kidney Disease Commission
  • Arkansas Marketing Board for Recyclables
  • Arkansas Minority Health Commission
  • Keep Arkansas Beautiful Commission
  • Martin Luther King, Jr. Commission
  • Mosaic Templars Cultural Center

Professional certification, licensure, and registration

  • Alcoholism and Drug Abuse Counselors, Arkansas Board of Examiners
  • Arkansas Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Abstractor’s Board
  • Arkansas Appraiser Licensing and Certification Board
  • Arkansas Auctioneers Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Board of Architects, Landscape Architects and Interior Designers
  • Arkansas Board of Dispensing Opticians
  • Arkansas Board of Examiners in Counseling
  • Arkansas Board of Examiners in Speech-Language Pathology & Audiology
  • Arkansas Board of Health Education
  • Arkansas Board of Hearing Instrument Dispensers
  • Arkansas Board of Interior Designers
  • Arkansas Board of Certified Court Reporter Examiners
  • Arkansas Board of Licensure for Professional Engineers and Professional Surveyors
  • Arkansas Board of Podiatric Medicine
  • Arkansas Board of Private Investigators and Private Security Agencies
  • Arkansas Board of Registration for Professional Geologists
  • Arkansas Commission on Law Enforcement Standards and Training
  • Arkansas Contractors Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Dietetics Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Elevator Safety Board
  • Arkansas Fire Protection Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Home Inspector Registration Board
  • Arkansas Interest on Lawyers’ Trust Account Foundation Board
  • Arkansas Professional Bail Bondsman Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Psychology Board
  • Arkansas Racing Commission
  • Arkansas Real Estate Commission
  • Arkansas Rehabilitation Services
  • Arkansas State Board of Acupuncture and Related Techniques
  • Arkansas State Board of Athletic Training
  • Arkansas State Board of Barber Examiners
  • Arkansas State Board of Chiropractic Examiners
  • Arkansas State Board of Collection Agencies
  • Arkansas State Board of Cosmetology
  • Arkansas State Board of Dental Examiners
  • Arkansas State Board of Embalmers and Funeral Directors
  • Arkansas State Board of Law Examiners
  • Arkansas State Board of Massage Therapy
  • Arkansas State Board of Nursing
  • Arkansas State Board of Optometry
  • Arkansas State Board of Pharmacy
  • Arkansas State Board of Physical Therapy
  • Arkansas State Board of Private Career Education
  • Arkansas State Board of Public Accountancy
  • Arkansas State Board of Registered Professional Sanitarians
  • Arkansas State Board of Registration for Foresters
  • Arkansas State Board of Registration for Professional Soil Classifiers
  • Arkansas Alternative Dispute Resolution Commission
  • Arkansas Assessment Coordination Department
  • Arkansas Bureau of Legislative Research
  • Arkansas Cemetery Board
  • Arkansas Commission on Water Well Construction
  • Arkansas Development Finance Authority
  • Arkansas Ethics Commission
  • Arkansas Fair Housing Commission
  • Arkansas Fire Prevention Commission
  • Arkansas Geographic Information Office
  • Arkansas Geographic Information Systems Board
  • Arkansas Geological Survey
  • Arkansas Governor’s Development Disabilities Council
  • Arkansas Health Services Permit Agency
  • Arkansas Historic Preservation Program
  • Arkansas History Commission
  • Arkansas Insurance Department
  • Arkansas Liquefied Petroleum Gas Board
  • Arkansas Local Police and Fire Retirement System
  • Arkansas Lottery Commission
  • Arkansas Manufactured Home Commission
  • Arkansas Motor Vehicle Commission
  • Arkansas National Guard Military Department
  • Arkansas Natural and Cultural Resources Council
  • Arkansas Natural Heritage Commission
  • Arkansas Natural Resources Commission
  • Arkansas Office of Health Information Technology
  • Arkansas Oil and Gas Commission
  • Arkansas Parks, Recreation, and Travel Commission
  • Arkansas Parole Board
  • Arkansas Public Defender Commission
  • Arkansas Public Employees Retirement System
  • Arkansas Public Service Commission
  • Arkansas Rice Research and Promotion Board
  • Arkansas Rural Development Commission
  • Arkansas School for the Blind
  • Arkansas School for the Deaf
  • Arkansas Science and Technology Authority
  • Arkansas Securities Department
  • Arkansas Sentencing Commission
  • Arkansas Service Commission
  • Arkansas Small Business & Technology Development Center
  • Arkansas Social Work Licensing Board
  • Arkansas Soybean Promotion Board
  • Arkansas Spinal Cord Commission
  • Arkansas State Athletic Commission
  • Arkansas State Bank Department
  • Arkansas State Board of Education
  • Arkansas State Board of Election Commissioners
  • Arkansas State Claims Commission
  • Arkansas State Crime Laboratory
  • Arkansas State Hospital
  • Arkansas State Library
  • Arkansas State Medical Board
  • Arkansas State Parks
  • Arkansas State Police
  • Arkansas State Police Commission
  • Arkansas State Technology Council
  • Arkansas Student Loan Authority
  • Arkansas Teacher Retirement System
  • Arkansas Temporary Assistance for Needy Families Oversight Board
  • Arkansas Tobacco Control Board
  • Arkansas Tobacco Settlement Commission
  • Arkansas Towing and Recovery Board
  • Arkansas Veteran’s Commission
  • Arkansas Veterinary Medical Examining Board
  • Arkansas Waterways Commission
  • Arkansas Wheat Promotion Board
  • Arkansas Workers’ Compensation Commission
  • Arkansas Workforce Investment Board
  • Board of Electrical Examiners of the State of Arkansas
  • Civil Air Patrol - Arkansas Wing
  • Delta Cultural Center
  • Department of Arkansas Heritage
  • Disability Determination for Social Security Administration
  • Governor’s Advisory Council on Aging
  • Governor’s Commission on Global Warming
  • Governor’s Commission on People with Disabilities
  • Governor’s Mansion
  • Historic Arkansas Museum
  • Information Network of Arkansas
  • Office of the Prosecutor Coordinator
  • Old State House Museum
  • War Memorial Stadium Commission

List of Arkansas state agencies  - arkansas state board of pharmacy
References

Learn more »

List Of Pharmacies - Apex Pharmacy

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy

This article is a list of major pharmacies (also known as chemists and drugstores) by country.

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Afghanistan

786 Pharmacies is the first and largest pharmacy chain in the country.

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Australia

Pharmacies in Australia are mostly independently owned by pharmacists, often operated as franchises of retail brands offered by the three major pharmaceutical wholesalers in Australia: Australian Pharmaceutical Industries (API), Sigma Pharmaceuticals, and Symbion Health. A minority of pharmacies are owned by friendly societies, particularly in Victoria and South Australia. Chemist Warehouse is a major disruptor and is a low frills store similar to Aldi in the grocery/supermarket sector.

API brands

  • Pharmacist Advice
  • Priceline Pharmacies
  • Soul Pattinson â€" formerly owned by Washington H. Soul Pattinson & Co. Ltd

Sigma brands

  • Amcal â€" formerly the Allied Master Chemists of Australia Limited
  • Discount Drug Stores
  • Guardian Pharmacies
  • PharmaSave

Symbion brands

  • Chemmart Pharmacy
  • Terry White Chemists

Chains

  • Pharmacy 4 Less
  • Chemistworks
  • National Pharmacies South Australia
  • Quality Pharmacy Group
  • SmarterPharm Group
  • Cincotta Discount Chemist

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Brazil

These are the biggest drugstore companies in Brazil by revenue:

  • UltraFarma
  • Brasil Pharma
  • Drogarias DPSP
  • Pague Menos
  • Profarma
  • RaiaDrogasil

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Canada

  • Brunet
  • Costco
  • DRUGStore Pharmacy
  • Familiprix
  • Jean Coutu
  • Katz Group of Companies
  • Lawtons
  • London Drugs
  • PharmaChoice
  • Pharmaprix
  • Pharmasave
  • Proxim (merger of Essaim and Santé Services)
  • Rexall
  • Shoppers Drug Mart/Pharmaprix
  • Uniprix
  • Value Drug Mart
  • Walmart

Defunct chains

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
China

The key players in the drugstore industry in China are:

  • China Nepstar, Shenzhen-based â€" China's largest
  • Super-Pharm, Israeli company, has about 65 stores in China as of 2007
  • Watsons, owned by HK-based Hutchison Whampoa

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Croatia

The main pharmacies in Croatia are:

  • Farmacia - biggest chain
  • Gradske ljekarne Zagreb
  • Ljekarne Coner - first private pharmacy

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Denmark

In Denmark, all pharmacies are owned by the Association of Danish Pharmacies and controlled by the state. There are two pharmaceutically trained groups with a higher education in the Danish pharmacies: pharmaconomists (Danish: 'farmakonomer') and pharmacists (farmaceuter). There are also pharmacy technicians (defektricer) who have a vocational training and unskilled laborers/workers (servicemedarbejdere) who perform manual labour.

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Egypt

The main pharmacy chains in Egypt:

  • Cleopatra Pharmacies
  • Elezabi Pharmacies
  • Seif pharmacies
  • Roshdy pharmacies
  • Hagar Pharamcies 19747

List of pharmacies  - apex pharmacy
Germany

Germany is the biggest pharmacy market in Europe with €35 billion, or $46 billion, of revenue each year. In Germany, pharmacies are known as "Apotheken". Like France, they are all independently-owned by pharmacists, and like France, there are no pharmacy chains. In hindsight to consumer protection, German law bans chains of Apotheken, but generally allows self-employed pharmacists to individually operate a maximum of four outlets, all of which must be in close proximity.

Other types of retailing are strongly opposed to offering the same types of services as an Apotheke. These retailers would not have the necessary expertise to provide proper patient care and this has been upheld by the European Court of Justice in its ruling of May 2009. Traditionally in Germany, drugs were not discountable and the entire trade with pharmaceuticals was limited to the single channel of the Apotheke. In 2004 however, the health care reform law GMG (de:GKV-Modernisierungsgesetz) allowed free pricing of OTC products. This led to a significant decrease of OTC prices in competitive areas. Internet and mail-order purchasing of drugs has also become an alternative, however it only accounts for about 5% of German pharmaceutical trade.

Online pharmacy DocMorris has been introducing the first licence based chain pharmacy model in Germany in 2007 (as opposed to the current independent pharmacy model). Alongside their brand, they are offering standardized services in their pharmacies, whilst they do not operate or own them. They also offer discounted OTC products. Besides this model, German pharmacies are for the most part organized in wholesaler-based cooperations like LINDA, gesund leben-Apotheken, meine apotheke or vivesco. These cooperations are offering discounts in purchasing and support e.g. in marketing.

DocMorris CEO Ralf Däinghaus claims the German system to be monopolistic because government sets the profit margin that drug makers, wholesalers and pharmacists are allowed to make, resulting in strongly invariant price levels at all traditional outlets- even though most of the 21,500 pharmacies in the country are run independently. Traditional German pharmacists respond that a strategy of generally discounting pharmaceuticals may push people to use more drugs and would be against the general principles of health and customer protection.

Hong Kong

  • Mannings
  • Watson's

India

India's retail pharmacy sector is beginning to consolidate into a group of large players, many of them owned by larger health groups and/or franchised.

  • Medlife
  • Noble Plus Pharmacy & Skincare
  • 98.4 Pharmacy
  • Apollo Pharmacy (division of Apollo Hospitals)
  • Dhanwantary Medicare
  • Fortis Healthworld
  • Guardian Pharmacy
  • LifeKen (Bought by Religare Wellness)
  • MedPlus Health Services
  • Pasumai Pharmacies
  • Reliance Health and Pharma
  • Thulasi Pharmacies
  • Trust Chemists & Druggists

Ireland

  • HealthWest Community Pharmacy
  • Lloyds Pharmacy

Israel

  • New Pharm
  • Super-Pharm

Jordan

  1. Orange Pharmacy
  2. Dawacom
  3. Pharmacy-One

Lithuania

  1. BENU
  2. Camelia
  3. Euro VaistinÄ—
  4. GintarinÄ— vaistinÄ—
  5. Ramunėlių vaistinė

Latvia

  1. BENU
  2. Euro Aptieka
  3. MÄ"ness aptieka
  4. A Aptieka

Macau

  • Watson's

Malaysia

  • Alpha Pharmacy
  • Alpro Pharmacy
  • Apex Pharmacy
  • Caring Pharmacy
  • Constant Pharmacy
  • Cosway Pharmacy
  • D'Apotic Pharmacy
  • Guardian Pharmacy
  • Healthlane Pharmacy
  • Lovy Pharmacy
  • Multicare Pharmacy
  • Vitacare
  • Watsons

Mexico

  • Farmacias Similares
  • Farmacias Benavides
  • Farmacias del Ahorro
  • Farmacias Guadalajara
  • Medicina Mexico

Montenegro

  • Tea Medica
  • Lijek
  • Holos- first private pharmacy

Nepal

  • Acme Pharmacy pvt.ltd.
  • Mediplus Pharmacy
  • Xeno Pharmacy
  • Shrashu Pharmacy
  • Aaravee Med Distributors
  • Heaven pharmacy

Netherlands

Pharmacies in the Netherlands are mostly independently owned by pharmacists. In 2011, 31% of all pharmacies were part of one of the following chains:

  • Alliance Healthcare
  • BENU
  • D.I.O. Drogist
  • Mediq
  • Medsen Apotheek
  • SAL apotheken
  • Thio Pharma
  • Zorggroep Almere

New Zealand

  • Life Pharmacy
  • Countdown Pharmacy
  • Unichem

Norway

  • Alliance Apotek
  • Alliance Boots (opened in 2008 under the name Boots Apotek, using the same logos and products as in the UK)
  • Apotek 1
  • Central Norway Pharmaceutical Trust
  • Ditt Apotek
  • Northern Norway Pharmaceutical Trust
  • Southern and Eastern Norway Pharmaceutical Trust
  • Vitusapotek
  • Western Norway Pharmaceutical Trust

Pakistan

  • Irfan medical store samundri katchari bazar
  • Yamin medical store samundri
  • Madni medical store samundri
  • Bajwa medical center
  • Irfan pharmacy fsd road samundri
  • Mudassar pharmacy
  • Faizan medical store samundri
  • Mujahid Pharmacy fsd
  • Care Pharmacy fsd
  • irfan Medical Store samundri in katchari bazar
  • faizan Pharmacy
  • Khawaja Sons
  • Muhammadi Medical Store
  • Shifa Pharmacy and Lab Medical Store
  • Time Medicose
  • AL-Furqan Pharmacy
  • [(Rehman Medical Pharmacy)]

Peru

  • BTL
  • Mifarma
  • Inkafarma

Philippines

  • Mercury Drug
  • Watsons
  • Rose Pharmacy Inc.
  • The Generics Pharmacy
  • Generika Drugstore
  • South Star Drug
  • Citidrug 2-in-1 Drugstore
  • Everwell Drug Store
  • ThreeSixty Pharmacy
  • GA2 Pharmacy
  • HBC Shopmore
  • St. Joseph Drugstore
  • Rhode Pharmacy

Poland

  • Apteki Dr.Max
  • Apteki Dbam o Zdrowie
  • Apteki Cefarm
  • Apteki Zico
  • Apteki Sloneczne
  • Apteki Euroapteka
  • Super-Pharm

Puerto Rico

  • CVS
  • Walgreens

Defunct Chains

  • Farmacias El Amal

Singapore

Pharmacies in Singapore:

  • Guardian Pharmacy (mannings)
  • NHG (National Healthcare Group) Pharmacy (mostly found in neighborhood polyclinics managed by NHG)
  • NTUC Unity Pharmacy
  • Watsons Pharmacy

Sweden

  • Apoteket
  • Apoteket Hjärtat
  • Apoteksgruppen
  • Doc Morris
  • Kronans droghandel
  • VÃ¥rdapoteket

Taiwan

  • Greenspot pharmacy taiwan
  • Watsons
  • Cosmed

Thailand

  • Alliance Boots
  • eXta health and Beauty
  • GNC
  • Watsons

United Arab Emirates

  • Life Pharmacy Chain with 150+ Pharmacies
  • Aster Pharmacy
  • Bin Sina Pharmacy
  • SUPER CARE GROUP

United Kingdom

Pharmacy-led chains

  • Walgreens Alliance Boots â€" has over 2,500 stores:
    • Alliance Unichem â€" merged on 31 July 2006 with Boots the Chemists, to form Alliance Boots â€" had just under 1,000 stores
      • Moss Pharmacy â€" acquired by Alliance UniChem in 2005 and rebranded to "Alliance Pharmacy"
    • Boots UK
  • Chemist-4-U - an online pharmacy which also has pharmacy stores throughout the UK
  • Well Pharmacy â€" has 782 branches in the UK
  • Gordons Chemist â€" has 60 branches in the UK
  • Lloyds Pharmacy â€" owned by Celesio (until 2003 named GEHE), has over 1,600 pharmacies in the UK
  • Numark â€" buying group of over 2,000 independently owned pharmacies in the UK
  • Rowlands Pharmacy â€" chain of over 500 branches throughout the UK
  • Superdrug â€" has over 225 in-store pharmacies in the UK
  • Weldricks - chain of 61 pharmacies based mainly in South Yorkshire
  • PCT Healthcare â€" over 130 independent pharmacies throughout the Midlands, Lancashire and Merseyside.
    • Tims & Parker â€" merged with Peak Pharmacy in 2001 to form PCT Healthcare
      • Manor Pharmacy â€" acquired by PCT Healthcare in 2016, has 52 stores
      • Cox & Robinson â€" acquired by Manor Pharmacy in 2006, has 16 stores

Supermarket chains

  • Asda â€" has more than 101 in-store pharmacies in the UK
  • Morrisons
  • Sainsbury's â€" hundreds of stores have in-store pharmacies, including consulting rooms; Sainsbury's is the first supermarket in the UK to have GPs working in their pharmacies as part of smaller doctor surgeries
  • Tesco

Online Only Pharmacies

  • Pharmacy2U - an online pharmacy
  • PharmacyDepot - an online pharmacy

United States

Many pharmacy chains in the United States are owned and operated by regional supermarket brands, or national big-box store brands such as Walmart. These pharmacies are located within their larger chain stores. The three largest free-standing pharmacy chains in the United States are Walgreens, CVS, and Rite Aid; as of 2015, Walgreens and Rite-Aid are currently in the process of merging into one company.

Although not a pharmacy chain, many of the fairly ubiquitous Costco stores include a pharmacy and - in California at least - the pharmacy is available to non-members. Their prices are likely to be among the lowest.

Ranking of Largest Chains

The table below shows the Top 25 Pharmacy chains in the United States per state ranked by the number of pharmacists per chain, according to the National Pharmacy Market Summary done by SK&A in 2015.

Top 25 Pharmacy chains ranked by the number of pharmacists

Stand-alone Pharmacy chains

Defunct chains

Vatican City

  • Vatican Pharmacy

Vietnam

Pharmacy chains

Phano Pharmacy Pharmacity Medicare MyChau Vistar

Learn more »

Timothy Tucker - Tn Board Of Pharmacy

Timothy Tucker  - tn board of pharmacy

Dr. Timothy Tucker is a pharmacist in Huntingdon, Tennessee, and former president of the American Pharmacists Association.[1] He is a Former Speaker of the American Pharmacists Association House of Delegates and has testified before the United States House of Representatives Government Reform Committee on implementing Medicare Part D, [2] and spoken before the United States Senate Finance Committee regarding community pharmacy contract negotiations [3].

Tucker is also a past national president of Phi Lambda Sigma, and served as co-chair of the State of Tennessee TennCare Centers of Excellence Board of Directors. Tucker is President of Tucker & Roe, Inc., which is a long-term care consultanting firm. He is also former President of the Tennessee Pharmacists Association and former President of the Tennessee Board of Pharmacy.

In addition, Tucker is currently serving a second term on the American Pharmacists Association Board of Trustees.[4]

Tim Tucker also a member of the fraternity Lambda Chi Alpha, where he has served as the alumni advisor.

Timothy Tucker  - tn board of pharmacy
Education

  • Union University

Timothy Tucker  - tn board of pharmacy
External links

  • Congressional Testimony
Learn more »

Multiple Drug Resistance - Mdr Pharmacy

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy

Multiple drug resistance (MDR), multidrug resistance or multiresistance is antimicrobial resistance shown by a species of microorganism to multiple antimicrobial drugs. The types most threatening to public health are MDR bacteria that resist multiple antibiotics; other types include MDR viruses, fungi, and parasites (resistant to multiple antifungal, antiviral, and antiparasitic drugs of a wide chemical variety). Recognizing different degrees of MDR, the terms extensively drug resistant (XDR) and pandrug-resistant (PDR) have been introduced. The definitions were published in 2011 in the journal Clinical Microbiology and Infection and are openly accessible.

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Common multidrug-resistant organisms (MDROs)

Common multidrug-resistant organisms are usually bacteria:

  • Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VRE)
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)
  • Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBLs) producing Gram-negative bacteria
  • Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) producing Gram-negatives
  • MultiDrug-Resistant gram negative rods (MDR GNR) MDRGN bacteria such as Enterobacter species, E.coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A group of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria of particular recent importance have been dubbed as the ESKAPE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterobacter species).

  • Multi-drug-resistant tuberculosis

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Bacterial resistance to antibiotics

Various microorganisms have survived for thousands of years by their ability to adapt to antimicrobial agents. They do so via spontaneous mutation or by DNA transfer. This process enables some bacteria to oppose the action of certain antibiotics, rendering the antibiotics ineffective. These microorganisms employ several mechanisms in attaining multi-drug resistance:

  • No longer relying on a glycoprotein cell wall
  • Enzymatic deactivation of antibiotics
  • Decreased cell wall permeability to antibiotics
  • Altered target sites of antibiotic
  • Efflux mechanisms to remove antibiotics
  • Increased mutation rate as a stress response

Many different bacteria now exhibit multi-drug resistance, including staphylococci, enterococci, gonococci, streptococci, salmonella, as well as numerous other gram-negative bacteria and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Antibiotic resistant bacteria are able to transfer copies of DNA that code for a mechanism of resistance to other bacteria even distantly related to them, which then are also able to pass on the resistance genes and so generations of antibiotics resistant bacteria are produced. This process is called horizontal gene transfer.

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Antifungal resistance

Yeasts such as Candida species can become resistant under long term treatment with azole preparations, requiring treatment with a different drug class. Scedosporium prolificans infections are almost uniformly fatal because of their resistance to multiple antifungal agents.

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Antiviral resistance

HIV is the prime example of MDR against antivirals, as it mutates rapidly under monotherapy. Influenza virus has become increasingly MDR; first to amantadenes, then to neuraminidase inhibitors such as oseltamivir, (2008-2009: 98.5% of Influenza A tested resistant), also more commonly in immunoincompetent people Cytomegalovirus can become resistant to ganciclovir and foscarnet under treatment, especially in immunosuppressed patients. Herpes simplex virus rarely becomes resistant to acyclovir preparations, mostly in the form of cross-resistance to famciclovir and valacyclovir, usually in immunosuppressed patients.

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Antiparasitic resistance

The prime example for MDR against antiparasitic drugs is malaria. Plasmodium vivax has become chloroquine and sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine resistant a few decades ago, and as of 2012 artemisinin-resistant Plasmodium falciparum has emerged in western Cambodia and western Thailand. Toxoplasma gondii can also become resistant to artemisinin, as well as atovaquone and sulfadiazine, but is not usually MDR Antihelminthic resistance is mainly reported in the veterinary literature, for example in connection with the practice of livestock drenching and has been recent focus of FDA regulation.

Multiple drug resistance  - mdr pharmacy
Preventing the emergence of antimicrobial resistance

To limit the development of antimicrobial resistance, it has been suggested to:

  • Use the appropriate antimicrobial for an infection; e.g. no antibiotics for viral infections
  • Identify the causative organism whenever possible
  • Select an antimicrobial which targets the specific organism, rather than relying on a broad-spectrum antimicrobial
  • Complete an appropriate duration of antimicrobial treatment (not too short and not too long)
  • Use the correct dose for eradication; subtherapeutic dosing is associated with resistance, as demonstrated in food animals.

The medical community relies on education of its prescribers, and self-regulation in the form of appeals to voluntary antimicrobial stewardship, which at hospitals may take the form of an antimicrobial stewardship program. It has been argued that depending on the cultural context government can aid in educating the public on the importance of restrictive use of antibiotics for human clinical use, but unlike narcotics, there is no regulation of its use anywhere in the world at this time. Antibiotic use has been restricted or regulated for treating animals raised for human consumption with success, in Denmark for example.

Infection prevention is the most efficient strategy of prevention of an infection with a MDR organism within a hospital, because there are few alternatives to antibiotics in the case of an extensively resistant or panresistant infection; if an infection is localized, removal or excision can be attempted (with MDR-TB the lung for example), but in the case of a systemic infection only generic measures like boosting the immune system with immunoglobulins may be possible. The use of bacteriophages (viruses which kill bacteria) has no clinical application at the present time.

It is necessary to develop new antibiotics over time since the selection of resistant bacteria cannot be prevented completely. This means with every application of a specific antibiotic, the survival of a few bacteria which already got a resistance gene against the substance is promoted, and the concerning bacterial population amplifies. Therefore, the resistance gene is farther distributed in the organism and the environment, and a higher percentage of bacteria does no longer respond to a therapy with this specific antibiotic.

Learn more »

National Association Of Boards Of Pharmacy - Nabp Pharmacy

National Association of Boards of Pharmacy  - nabp pharmacy

The National Association of Boards of Pharmacy (NABP) is an international association which assists state licensing boards in developing, implementing, and enforcing uniform standards relating to pharmacies.

The NABP membership includes two Australian states and nine Canadian provinces, in addition to the fifty federal states of the US, the District of Columbia, and three U.S. territories.

Part of the NABP's work includes standardised tests to aid in licensing, such as the Multistate Pharmacy Jurisprudence Examination and NAPLEX.

National Association of Boards of Pharmacy  - nabp pharmacy
History

The NABP originated in the United States in 1904.

In 1999, the NABP developed the Verified Internet Pharmacy Practice Sites (VIPPS) program to accredit online pharmacies. Vet-VIPPS, awarded to online veterinary pharmacies, has been granted to sites including PetMeds, VetCentric, and VetRxDirect.

In 2004, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recommended VIPPS to consumers as "one method to help minimize the risks of getting bad quality drugs from disreputable sources".

Also in 2004, the NABP developed the Verified-Accredited Wholesale Distributors (VAWD) program to accredit Wholesale Distributors and to help protect the public from the threat of counterfeit drugs.

In 2011, the NABP implemented a data exchange that allows authorized pharmacists, law enforcement agents, and regulatory boards to access patient-specific controlled substance prescription information. Known as NABP InterConnect®, the platform provides a single page summary of patient's drug seeking activities across state lines. As of 2013, authorized users in 11 states have accessed data using the system in order to prevent drug abuse and drug diversion.

Top-level domain .pharmacy

In 2014, the NABP launched the generic top-level domain (gTLD) .pharmacy, "to provide consumers around the world a means for identifying safe, legal, and ethical online pharmacies and related resources".

The impartiality of the domain has been questioned, because Eli Lilly and Company, Merck & Co., and Pfizer are the main contributors to the NABP application. Previously, that application was challenged by Public Citizen, Knowledge Ecology International, and the Canadian International Pharmacy Association.

National Association of Boards of Pharmacy  - nabp pharmacy
References


Learn more »

Gateway Fashion Mall - Gateway Pharmacy

Gateway Fashion Mall  - gateway pharmacy

Gateway Fashion Mall (formerly Gateway Mall) is an enclosed shopping mall in Bismarck, North Dakota. Opened in 1979, the mall has more than 30 stores, with Hancock Fabrics and Sears as anchor stores.

Gateway Fashion Mall  - gateway pharmacy
History

The mall was opened in September 1979 with anchor stores Sears, A.W. Lucas & Co., and White Mart. The mall served for many years as an alternative to the larger Kirkwood Mall, originally featuring a three-screen movie theater and food court to complement the three anchor stores and several in-line tenants.

Thrifty White began closing its White Mart operations in the late 1980s; the store at Gateway Mall was taken by Menards, a Wisconsin-based home improvement chain. Menards have re-located outside the mall, and a portion of the location was turned into a "Medical Mall" housing clinics managed by the PrimeCare Health Network, while the remainder of the former White Mart/Menards was converted to Hancock Fabrics.

The middle anchor of the original three was A.W. Lucas. Their closure made way for Herberger's, which closed in 1994. The space, which later became Jacob's, then World's Greatest Deals, was later taken over by Conlin's Furniture.

The mall's theaters were expanded to the "Midco 8", and at the time of expansion, the complex was the largest theater in the city. The theater remains today, competing with the nearby Grand 15 Theaters. The theater is now owned by Carmike Cinemas.

For many years, the Gateway to Science Center had a location inside the center of the mall. This hands-on museum allowed visitors to try science-related activities and experiments. The Gateway to Science Center has moved to a new location outside the mall.

The mall saw the loss of many tenants over the years, including the majority of the food court tenants. Currently, Subway and Gelato d'Italia, an Italian ice cream shop, are the only tenants in the food court.

In 2006, Osco Drug, an original tenant, was converted to CVS/Pharmacy.

Gateway Fashion Mall  - gateway pharmacy
Gateway Mall today

Since January, 2003, the mall has been sold three times. On May 10, 2006 it was announced that the center was purchased by Raymond Arjmand, of Encino, California at a purchase price of $13.25 million. It celebrated a re-opening on November 18, 2006, and is now known as "Gateway Fashion Mall". Arjmand is nearing completion of a $10 million renovation to the mall. Macy's was mentioned as an additional anchor store in 2006, but never came to fruition. A two story addition including a vaulted atrium is in the process of being built, which will require the relocation of the food court and will add up to six new stores. Under the new ownership the mall is leased at 85% of its capacity.

Major tenants vacate

In 2008, CVS/pharmacy announced they were leaving Gateway Mall upon constructing their own freestanding store. On June 26, 2009, Conlin's Furniture and Joy's Hallmark announced intentions to vacate the mall. This marks the fourth anchor store to depart from the space occupied by Conlin's Furniture in the mall's thirty-year existence. Joy's Hallmark had been a tenant at the mall for over twenty years.

Gateway Fashion Mall  - gateway pharmacy
References

  • Gateway Mall history

Gateway Fashion Mall  - gateway pharmacy
External links

  • Gateway Fashion Mall website
  • Mid-Dakota Clinic

Learn more »